Growing up in Moscow, the son of an artist and concert pianist, Boris Pasternak anandoned a career as a composer to study philosophy in Germany. On returning to Moscow, he became an author and was awarded the 1958 Nobel Prize for literature.
His novel Doctor Zhivago was banned by Soviet authorities and he was forced to decline the Nobel Prize.
Source: Nobelprize.org
Pasternak’s novel Doctor Zhivago was made into a 1965 film.