With its 1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka unanimous (9–0) decision, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools were unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality.
However, Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka did not delineate any method for ending racial segregation in schools.
In May 1955 the Court’s second decision in Brown II (349U.S.294 ordered states to desegregate “with all deliberate speed”.
Source: Wikipedia